Cashew detection Clinical relevance Food allergy Immunotherapy Prevalence Threshold levels. In the recent years, significant research advances in cashew nut allergy have been accomplished, which are highlighted and discussed in this review.Īllergens Anacardium occidentale L. In this sense, the control of labelling compliance is much needed, which has prompted the development of proficient analytical methods for allergen analysis. Accordingly, when carefully choosing processed foods that are commercially available, the allergic consumers have to rely on proper food labelling. There is still no cure for cashew nut allergy, as well as for other food allergies thus, the allergic patients are advised to eliminate it from their diets. The prevalence of cashew nut allergy seems to be rising in industrialised countries with the increasing consumption of this nut. So far, three groups of allergenic proteins have been identified and characterised in cashew nut: Ana o 1 and Ana o 2 (cupin superfamily) and Ana o 3 (prolamin superfamily), which are all classified as major allergens. anaphylaxis) in sensitised/allergic individuals that often demand epinephrine treatment and hospitalisation. However, cashew nut is also classified as a potent allergenic food known to be responsible for triggering severe and systemic immune reactions (e.g. Cashew nut is a well-appreciated food (belongs to the tree nut group), being widely consumed as snacks and in processed foods by the majority of world's population. It presents high economic value since it is widely used in human nutrition and in several industrial applications. At least four distinct allergens have been noted in cashew including a vicilin-like protein, a profilin, an albumin, and a globulin. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Cashew plant (Anacardium occidentale L.) is the most relevant species of the Anacardium genus. Cashew allergy is clearly an underestimated important healthcare problem, especially in children.Īnacardiaceae allergy cashew hypersensitivity. Moreover, the value of additional determination of total IgE has been investigated. A minimal amount of cashew nut allergen may cause a severe allergic reaction, suggesting high potency comparable with other tree nuts and peanuts. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Ana o 3-specific serum IgE in the diagnosis of cashew allergy and to identify cut-off levels to replace oral food challenges. The literature suggests that the prevalence of cashew nut allergy is increasing, although the level of evidence for this is low. The remaining 26 papers were not directly related to cashew nut allergy. The 40 articles included one prospective study, six retrospective studies and seven case reports. The literature search yielded 255 articles of which 40 met our selection criteria and were considered to be relevant for this review. The goal of this study is to present a systematic review focused on the clinical aspects of allergy to cashew nut including the characteristics of cashew nut, the prevalence, allergenic components, cross-reactivity, diagnosis and management of cashew nut allergy. This review summarizes current knowledge on cashew nut allergy to facilitate timely clinical recognition and to promote awareness of this emerging food allergy amongst clinicians. Cashew nut consumption by allergic patients can cause severe reactions, including anaphylaxis. Recent studies on cashew nut allergy suggest that the prevalence of cashew nut allergy is increasing.
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